![]() They oversee the appeals of decisions made by the state's government agencies that handle the amount taxpayers pay in taxes. Indiana's Tax Court is both a trial court and an appellate court, depending on the case at hand. If you are interested in filing a lawsuit of $10,000 or less, you would need to file your case in the township where: the incident/transaction took place, where the property is located, where the defendant works or lives, or where the obligation was supposed to happen. Marion County is the only county in the state that has its own individual small claims court. Magistrates can set bail, hold preliminary proceedings, and begin processing of those whose cases must be heard in a trial court. Municipal courts are often presided over by a judicial magistrate and are limited to bench trials. These courts have very limited jurisdiction and are generally limited to misdemeanors, infractions, city ordinances, and traffic offenses. The Municipal Courts in Indiana are the lowest level of courts, as they are at a town level. The judges that serve on the Probate Court are elected for six-year terms. This court has jurisdiction over guardianships, mental health hearings, and administration of the estates of deceased citizens. Joseph County holds the only Probate Court in the state. ![]() The judges are elected during partisan elections in most counties, aside from Allen and Venderbugh Counties, where their elections are nonpartisan. Most of the counties in Indiana have both a Circuit and a Superior Court. The Indiana Superior Courts establish small claims cases, minor offense divisions, and they handle all trial cases. In counties without a superior court, the Circuit Court will also handle minor offenses and small claims cases. The circuit courts have unlimited jurisdiction in most cases unless another court is given jurisdiction over the court for any reason. There are a total of 92 of these courts throughout the county. The Southern District has locations in Indianapolis, Terre Haute, Evansville, and New Albany.Įach county in the state of Indiana has a circuit court. The Northern District has offices located in Hammond, South Bend, Fort Wayne, and Lafayette. One has been appointed for the Northern District while the other handles the Southern District. Indiana has two federal bankruptcy courts. This court does have the final say, unless the Indiana Supreme Court accepts an additional appeal. The only type of case they do not have jurisdiction over are ones in which the convicted party has been sentenced to death or life without the possibility of parole. This court handles appeals from some state agencies, as well as all trial courts. The Supreme Court also takes appeals for cases where either life without parole or the death sentence was chosen as the punishment. They also have original jurisdiction over many things, including discipline and disbarment of attorneys and judges and justices, admission to the practice of law, and supervision over the other cours in the system. This is the highest court in the state, and is the last resort for cases.
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